Mutianyu Great Wall is located in the Huairou District of Beijing, about 17 kilometers to the northwest of Huairou after taking the Jingshun Road. It is a scenic spot integrating both the historical and cultural heritage and natural scenery.
The Mutianyu Great Wall was built in the Ming Dynasty by Xuda, the general of Zhu Yuanzhang who was the first emperor of the Ming Dynasty. It was later rebuilt by Qi Jiguang. With more than 600 years of history, it is the best preserved section of the Great Wall built in the Ming Dynasty. In 1983, it was repaired. In April, 1988, it was formally opened to the tourists. It has won the titles of “One of the Sixteen Sceneries of the New Beijing”, “Number One in the world among Beijing’s scenic spots”. On November 11, 1990, Jiang Zeming inscribed the words “Mu Tianyu Great Wall”.
Connecting to Juyong Pass and Badaling in the west and Gubeikou and Jinshanling in the east, this section of Great Wall is winding and curveting among the Yan Mountains. It was built on the steep mountain ridges, occupying the commanding points, establishing watch towers on the top of mountains, valleys, and bayous. The lowest point is 486 meters and the highest point is more than 800 meters above the sea level, so it is called by the Great Wall experts as “Impregnable Pass on Dangerous Mountain Ridges”. This section of Great Wall was called “Skyscraping Valley (Motianyu in Chinese)”, showing that the mountain ridges in this area are high and steep. Maybe the word “Motian” gave offense to the emperor, while the system of “Tuntian” (Communal field) was applied, so the name “Mutian” was adopted. The opened section of Mutianyu Great Wall is 3000 meters in length, and there are altogether 26 watch towers and soldiers' rooms. The Great Wall's structure is unique, with crenels on both sides of it. The crenel is the highest place only second to the stage and watch towers. In the shape of teeth, having the same sizes and directions, and distributed evenly, the crenels are mainly used as the blindage to overlook, as well as the place to shoot arrows, logs and stones. The watch tower, no matter what size it is, is divided into the upper layer and the lower layer. There is a zigzag channel in the lower layer, with arrow windows around. There are arrow towers built on some watch towers. The lofty Zhengguan Tower of Mutianyu Great Wall is very unique in style, with a portal at the lower level and three hollow watch towers connecting to each other. It looks like a pass in the short distance and a city in the long distance. There is the interior branch city about 1000 meters long to the east of Zhengguan Tower, with watch tower built on it. The exterior branch city is connected to the Muzi Eleventh Stage. The section to the west of Zhengguan Tower includes “Beijing Knot” Great Wall, the sights of “Arrow Buckle” and “Upside-down Flying Eagle”, and Tianxianyu Pass, Pearl Spring, Cliff Stone Carving, etc. The plantation of Mutianyu Great Wall is rich in types, with more than 200 old and famous trees around including “Greeting Pine”, “Aix galericulata Pine”, “Crown Pine”, etc. The plantation coverage rate inside and outside the Great Wall is above 96%, including aspen, birch, Chinese pine, arborvitae and fruit trees such as Chinese chestnut, pear, mountainous apricot, hill haw and walnut, etc. The rich plantation and beautiful sights allow Mutianyu enjoy the fame of “Best Sight in Great Wall”.
Since 1988, traditional activities, such as climbing the Great Wall to watch the sunrise on the New Year's Day, visiting parks and appreciating flowers in the spring, and climbing the Great Wall and visiting gardens in the fall, were held every year. In 1995, it received the representatives of World Conference on Women. In 2004, it undertook the torch relay activities of Athens Olympics. In 2006, International Cultural Festival was held in Mutianyu Great Wall, including a series of activities of International Photography Contest, International Great Wall Cultural Forum, Camping Concert and World Culture and Art Week, etc. Since its opening, tens of famous foreign politicians such as former American President Clinton, former British Prime Minister Major, as well as many Chinese leaders, such as Li Peng, Zhu Rongji and Wu Bangguo, have paid a visit there.
No.1 Cable Car of the Great Wall:The ropeway of the cable car is 723 meters long, and the height at the end of the ropeway is 640 meters. There are 58 automatic open-and-shut carriages, and the volume of passengers one way is 1800 heads per hour. The operation system is fully automatic, safe, comfortable and quick, so it enjoys the reputation of “No.1 Cable Car of the Great Wall”.
At the foot of the Great Wall, China Dream Stone City occupies 33,000 square meters. More than 20,000 cubic meters of rare stones have been collected here, placed in the three scenic spots of Mutian Shuilin Cave, Queer Stone Park, and Rare Stone Grand Sight Building. There are almost 1,000 sights including “First Stone in the World”, “Galloping Horses”, “Lion Welcoming Guests”, “Roc Spreading the Wings”, “Summit Piercing into the Sky”, “Five-old-man Peaks”, etc.
Speed Slide way:Commonly called as “Sleigh on the Dry Land”, it is a transportation vehicle combining sports and recreation. The total length is 1580 meters, and the highest speed might reach 30 kilometers per hour. |
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