The ancient human ruins Big Cave in Panxian County locate in Zhudong country, Shiliping village. The cave which located in the ruins called Shili Big Cave at first was originated from western edge of thick layer gray rock mountains of Shiliping valley. It is constituted by close cow cave, water cave, Yin He cave, the main cave hall and elimination cave five cave roads. Each cave is connect by the shaft, scarp. The vertical distance of the top and end is 115 meters, he total length of the cave is 1,660 meters.
The entrance of big cave is linked closely with the main cave hall, both are the main ruins located. The entrance of the cave is 85 degrees toward the northeast, the breadth is 55 meters, about 30 meters high. The main cave hall is a straight road which is dry and flat, 240 meters long, 30 meters high and wide, the total area reaches to 9,900 square meters, surface thickness reaches 19.5 meters. The accumulation which is rich in information of ancient human activities tilt from the entrance to the hall. The altitude of the accumulation in the entrance is 1,674 meters, and there have rebuilt wooden structure building which has 5 houses in the Year 6 of the Republic of China, now farmer named Zhao is living in it. Before the wood house, there have two stone doors which were built in Qing Dynasty to protect the entrance. In front of the entrance is a slope facing with Shilipo valley. The altitude of the valley is about 1,640 meters, the total area was about 2 square kilometers, and it is flat and spacious.
The big cave is found in 1990. In 1992-1996 years, the CAS Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology, Guizhou Normal University and the Liupanshui Cultural Authority have join together to explore the ruins for three times. The archaeologists from American University of Cincinnati and the University of California Stanislaus participated in the exhumation of 1996. From 1998 to 2000, component by the archaeologists from Vertebrate Paleontology, Paleoanthropology Institute and Liupanshui City with these two universities have carryed on 3 exhumations again to the ruins and tided up for 6 times. The discovering area is 86 square meters. And get five tooth fossils, 3,000 pieces of stones. There include 43 kinds of mammals fossils for ten thousand pieces, and a lot of burned bone and charcoal.
The fossils which were found in the Big Cave showed the characteristics of early Homo sapiens.
Panxian County Dadong ancient human activities accumulation has the rich content and multi-discipline, high research findings, making this ruins become one of the top ten new archaeological discoveries in 1993, was list as the fourth national point national heritage conservation unit, becoming one of the most important old stone age ruins in the world. |
Asia Travel 
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