located at Zhoungshan Silu, the Ruin of the Royal Garden of Nanyue Kingdom is a historic witness of the founding of Guangzhou City with a history of 2,210 years. It is the only existing stone structure built in Qin and Han Dynasties, and the royal garden is the oldest royal garden ruin existing in China.

Located at Xianggang Hill, Jiefang Beilu, and a large stone tomb with frescoes in early Western Han, it has a history of more than 2,200 years and is the largest Han tomb with richest burial articles. The host of the tomb was Zhao Mei was the second king of the Nanyue Yue. Now, it has been built into a museum which is the first ancient tomb museum in South China.

The Pearl River is where Guangzhou's scenic spots are. Praises to the beauty of the Pearl River have been “Red Heart of the Pearl Sea” and “Night Moon over the Goose Pool”, selected in 1962 as of the Eight Sights of Guangzhou, plus the “Sunlight Reflection at Shimen” of the old Eight Sights of Guangzhou and the recently selected “Clear Waves of the Pearl River” of the Eight Sights of Guangzhou.

The third largest river in China, the Pearl River measures 2,129 meters in length, with its name deriving from the Haizhu Rock (Sea Pearl Rock). When the thousand-meter long Pearl River went through Guangzhou City, a huge rock island in the center of the river was scoured time and again and became smooth and bright like a pearl, called “Sea Pearl Rock”, hence the name “Pearl River” for the river with this rock. There is another legend about the naming of the “Pearl River”. It was said that a Persian businessman stole the valueless pearl of his country and came to auction it in Guangzhou. Since it was the treasure of the nation, the Persian State sent people carrying lots of money to Guangzhou and buy the pearl. When they took out the pearl for appreciation on their way back by ship, the precious pearl flew up suddenly and fell into the river. Later the pearl changed into a huge stone, shinning. People called it Sea Pearl Island, thus the name of the Pearl River.

In fact, the Pearl River is the general name for the river systems of the West River, the North River, the East River and Liuxi River. The West River originates from the Yun (nan) Gui (zhou) Plateau, and the North River and East River from Jiangxi Province, whereas Liuxi River is from the Qixing Ridge at Conghua City. The four rivers joint together in Guangzhou and flow to the South China Sea. As a rule, the Pearl River is called to mean the section of the river traversing Guangzhou proper. As the Pearl River was so wide 2,000 years ago, up to 2,000 meters, so it was also called the “Pearl Sea”. Later the river narrowed down to 900 meters wide during the Song Dynasty, and it is only 180 meters wide now.

There are 10 bridges over the Pearl River: Renmin, Haizhu, Haiyin, Luoxi, Zhujiang, Guangzhou, and the newly-built Jiefang, Jiangwan, Huanan, Hedong, plus Zhujiang Tunnel, all of which connecting the south and north banks of the Pearl River and Fangcun District. There stand on both banks numerous star-grade hotels and commercial buildings: White Swan Hotel, Hotel Landmark Canton, Nanfang Mansion, Aiqun Hotel, Guangzhou Hotel, Gitic Riverside Hotel, all like sky-scrappers. In the evening, both banks are lit brightly, joined occasionally by the bright moon hanging in the sky. Full of passengers, pleasure boats for Pearl River cruise travel from the west to the east elegantly on the river, like playing happy melodies all together.

The Museum of the Peasant Movement Institute was built on the site of the former Panyu Academic Palace (the Confucian Temple), whose construction started in 1370 (the third year of the reign of Emperor Hongwu of the Ming Dynasty).

The national revolutionary movement experienced a vigorous growth after the first cooperation between the Chinese Communist Party and Kuomintang was carried out. In an effort to facilitate the imminent Northern Expedition and to stimulate the nationwide peasant movement, in May 1926, the Sixth Session of the Peasant Movement Institute, headed by Mao Zedong, was held here, where 327 trainees from 20 provinces and regions received education in the theory and methodology of peasant movements, underwent vigorous military training, and took part in important social activities. Upon graduation, they traveled throughout the country to spearhead peasant campaigns against imperialism and feudalism, making significant contributions to the Chinese revolution.

The museum has also restored the Minglun Hall and Guangji Hall on the eastern road of the Panyu Academic Palace. Today, the museum presents exhibitions on Confucius and Confucianism, China's imperial examination culture, and academic palaces throughout Guangdong.

Admission fee: RMB ￥ 5 per person
Address: No.42 Zhongshan Road, Guangzhou City
Traffic: Take Bus No.1, 22, 76A, 80, 102, 107, 108, 125, 215, 222 and 517 or Metro Line 1 and get off at the Peasant Movement Institute station.

The Museum of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions was built in commemoration of the first site of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions, which was established in 1925.

The All-China Federation of Trade Unions was founded on May 1, 1925. Its second national labor congress was held in Guangzhou, where more than 30 resolutions regarding political and economic struggles and worker and peasant alliance were passed.

The All-China Federation of Trade Unions was the nerve center of the nationwide workers movement spearheaded by the Communist Party of China during the First Revolutionary Civil War, playing a vital role in strengthening trade unions, spearheading the workers movement and unifying the revolutionary base in Guangdong and in the Northern Expedition.

The All-China Federation of Trade Unions operated first from Wenming Road and then from South Yuexiu Road (Huizhou Guild) before moving to Hankou in February 1927, with the compound on South Yuexiu Road serving as the its Guangzhou office. Today, the compound is a national-level protected cultural heritage site.

Admission fee: RMB ￥ 2 per person
Address: No.89 Yuanxiu Road South, Guangzhou City
Traffic: Take Bus No.104, 101, 125 or 543 and get off at the South Yuexiu Road station.