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The Exhibition Hall of the Cultural History of the Guo State

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The area of the exhibition hall of the cultural history of the Guo state is about 300 square metres. It introduces the history of the Guo State from the words, Pictures, sand-tray, the wall pictures, and so on and the capital, the area of the Guo State, and the excavated situation of the cemetery of the Guo State.

The Guo State was a vassal state surmared Ji of the early Western Zhou Dynasty. The first king of the Guo State was the younger brother of the Emperor zhou WenDi and the uncle of the emperor Zhou WuDi. Most kings of the Guo State were high officials of the Western Zhou Dynasty. They helped the king of the Zhou Dynasty to conquer other kingdoms and participate the decisions of the important affairs. They play important roles to the rising and the developing of the Zhou Dynasty. In 655 B.C., it was wiped out by Jin Vassal State. The famous literary quotations “Borrowing a road of Yu Vassal State to wipe out the Guo State” and “If the lips are gone, the teeth will be in danger” referred to this event.

The original feud of the Guo State was in Baoji. later, it moved to SanMenxia. Its area was a bit larger than today's SanMenxia City. Its capital was in Lijiayao Village. The cemetery of the Guo State was in today's Shangcunling Village. Here is a large public cemetery from the period of the Western Zhou Dynasty to spring and Autumn period with large scale, complete class and well protection. The discovery and excavation opened the prelude of the mystery of the ancient Guo State, 3000 years ago.


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The Exhibition Hall of the Display for Unearthed Cultural Relics of Tomb of Liangji

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The Exhibition Hall of the Display for Unearthed Cultural Relics of Tomb of Liangji is about 200 square meters. It exhibites the 134 pieces delicate cultural relics unearthed from the tomb of Liangji, who was the wife of Guoji. Liangji's pot, it is small ,beautiful, and delicate. He, which was decorated with birds and phoneix, is magnificent, and the transparent necklace, bracelet and Jadewear with five huang. The rebuilded coffin of Liangji and the view of “The making up of Liangji” reflected the life condition and funeral system.


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The Exhibition Hall of Following a Trace of Monarch

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The Exhibition Hall of Following a Trace of Monarch is 400 squaree meters. It exhibites the Guoji's tomb, which number is 2001, and three retinues' tombs. The shape of the Guoji's tomb is a rectangle pit. Its length is 5.3 meters and its width is 3.55 meters. The deepth is 12 meters, the coffin is wooden. There is a large pall beyond the coffins. There was jade in mouth of the owner, and his face was covered by ZhuiYu mingmu. There was Jadewear with seven huangs on his chest and jades in his hands, and toes. He layed on his back. His head towards north and his feet towards south. His hands put on his chest. Because there is no one tomb was found of the Western Zhou Dynasty and the Sping and Autumn period, this tomb is the tomb with the highest grade, well protected, and generous cultural relics.

This tomb was buried in the late years of XuanWang of the Zhou Dynasty. There are 2,800 years up to now. The buried articles were rich. There were 5293 pieces. They are bronze, gold, jade, stone, carnelian, bone, chia, tooth, clam, leather, wood, bamboo, linen, silk and so on. The number is large, the style is unique, the handicarsfts is delicate. Most of them were peculiar. They filled the blanks of the Western Zhou Dynasty, such as “the first sword of china”, “Zhuiyumingmu” and Jadewear with seven huangs and 12 golds. So, it was rated as the “one of the ten archaelogical discoveries” of 1990.


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The Exhibition Hall of Picking the Best from Treasures of the Guo State

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The Exhibition Hall of Picking the Best from Treasures of the Guo State, exhibite the two emperors' tombs, one emperor's wife's tomb and a prince's tomb, and other delicate cultural relics, which was found since 1990s'. They are bronze treasures, Jade crime and other cultural relics, especially the jade which imitate the animals exhibited here. They are idyllic and made delicate. It nearly include all the species which you can see frequently at north temperate zone. Jade-handle bronze-heart iron sword was well known. It set forth 200 years of the history of the iron smelt. It was named “the first sword of china”.

The bronze vessels were symbols of the civilization of the Guo State, they were used widely in offering sacrifices to gods (or ancestors), wars and banquets etc. The burial ground of the Guo State unearthed not only majestic and dignified sacrificial vessels, but also various weapons and tools of production. They reflected the Guo State's patriarchal clan, rank system, level of production and highly achievement in economy and culture.

In ancient time, jade stone and jade wares were precious. They were closely related to belief and witch craft, aesthetic standards and moral principles. They were also a symbol of civilization of the Guo Vassal State. The ancient nobles used jade wares widely in decoration, cordially inviting the service of someone and encoffining. More than 3,000 pieces or sets of jade wares excavated in the tombs were cut and polished with exquisite technology. According to their usage, these jade wares are classified as ritual jade, jade pendant and burial jade, etc.. They are of special value of the cultural relics unearthed in the tombs of Guo State.


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The Exhibition Hall of Chariots Rattling and Horses Neighing

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Those displays exhibite the chariot pits of the emperor of the Guo State, the wife of the emperor and the prince. The three chariot pits displayed from south to north according to the army lines. Those were the first time to bury the chariot pits with the owners. They are the first and largest chariot pits with true pits and true horses of China.


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