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Yanling National Exposition Garden of Flowers and Plants

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Situated in the New Town area of Yanling County, 2.5 kilometers east of Xuchang City, the Yanling National Exposition Garden of Flowers and Plants lies to the north of No.311 National Highway, to the east of Jingzhu Expressway and the 107 National Highway, 75 kilometers to the south of Xinzheng International Airport, to the west of He'nan S219 Highway, the Garden enjoys convenient location.

There is a long history of cultivating flowers and plants in Yanling County, which could be dated back to the Tang Dynasty, thrived in the Song Dynasty and peaked in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. There is a word acclaiming the Yanling Winter Sweets which goes, “the Winter Sweets in Yanling tops the world.” With four clearly demarcated seasons, plenty of sunshine, fertile land and spring water, the area is endowed with favorable geographical and climate advantages. Yanling is the natural cultivating base for flowers transplanted from south to north or vice versa. Yanling is the largest flower production base in the north of China. Visitors can appreciate magnificent ecological landscape and experience the joys of returning to nature. Now the Garden has become a world of flowers, a sea of herbs, a land of trees, and a paradise to birds.

Constructed in 2002, the garden covers an area of 100 hectares which stretches 600 meters long from south to north and 1,600 meters long from east to west. Designed by a famous Professor Liang Yongji of Beijing Institute of Botany on the principle of “Focus on both human and ecology, keep a sustainable development”, the garden is divided into 13 function areas, such as Exposition Section, Winter Sweet Exhibition Section, Bamboo Plants Section, Recreation and Vacation Section, Children's Playground Section, etc. Now the garden functions as flower show, flower market, ecological tourism spot and science promotion. The second and third Central Plains Flower and Plant Exposition were held here in 2002 and 2003 respectively, receiving over 800,000 tourists along with more than 80 enterprises and institutions. As a result, 1.13 billion worth contracts were signed, producing good economic and social benefits.

Yanling National Exposition Garden of Flowers and Plants reflects the development of its floral industry, concentrates the historical and cultural achievements of this town. In the garden, you may feel the beauty of the woods on the plain, the refreshment of the air and the harmonious resonance between mankind and nature.


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The Yuzhou Museum of the Jun Porcelain Kiln Site

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The Yuzhou Museum of the Jun Porcelain Kiln Site is an AA-rated national attraction. Situated at the northern part of Junguanyao Road in the downtown area. The museum covers an area of 47,000 m2.

The official Jun porcelain kiln site, a state key relic protection unit, is located here. On display are pictures, objects and documents of different dynasties since Tang Dynasty, which indicate the development, technology as well as the characteristics of the Jun porcelain in different periods. The fine works on display amounts to more than 10,000 pieces. The workshop is open to tourists all year round, providing the place and tools to make pottery by hand. If needed, the experts are available for directions and demonstrations.

As a saying goes “gold has price but Jun porcelain priceless”. The value of Jun porcelain lies in its Kiln Change process. The craftsmen add some copper to the glaze and then bake it in the kiln. In the process, by using magical kiln change techniques, varied colors are produced. Even in the same direction, a slight difference may create quite different products with various colors. Through this magic process, intermixed colors are glowing in their brilliance and form a beautiful contrast. People always contrast the porcelain to gold and jade, as the saying goes, when put together, it is better than jade. Expensive color-glazed porcelain products had been for the use of the royalty and popular relics in the eyes of noble people.


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Wenfeng Pagoda

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Situated in the Xuchang Museum at south-eastern corner of the city, the imposing Wenfeng Pagoda stands high into the sky. As one of the top ten sceneries in Xuchang, the pagoda ranks as the best brick pagoda in He'nan Province and the State Key Relics Protection Unit.

In 1614 A.D. of the Ming Dynasty Zheng Zhenguang, the governor of Xuzhou (Xuchang) was in charge of the whole project. A brick-stone structure with its cross section an octagon, the pagoda has 13 floors with a height of 52m. It consists of the underground palace, the base, the body and the top. The underground palace is paved with blue slates. The base is built with blue stones, decorated with bas-relief with patterns of lotus petals and winding grass. The body is brickwork of blue stones with eaves of wooden plastic brackets. At each corner there is a dragon-shaped structure to hang a wind-bell. When the wind touches the bell, a profound charm is floating in the air with the beautiful bell ring.

The pagoda was built to boost the study atmosphere. It is recorded on the tablet inscriptions that there has been a decline of study enthusiasm since the Han Dynasty and the pagoda was built to promote it. In the pagoda, the God of Wenchang is worshipped. Later the Wenming Temple was erected and the pagoda derived another name, the Wenming Temple Pagoda. In the heart of the pagoda, there is a room in which there are statues of the Goddess of Mercy with a Thousand Hands and Eyes, the Goddess of Mercy in White and so on. On top of the pagoda, visitors can have a bird view of spectacular scenery of Xuchang.


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The Spring and Autumn Tower

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Featuring the styles of Ming and Qing architecture, the Spring and Autumn Tower is situated in the central part of Wenmiao Road.

In 200, A.D of Eastern Han Dynasty, Cao Cao, a powerful warlord, marshaled his army to the east. In a battle at Xiapi, Guan Yu and Liu Bei's two wives were captured. Being loyal to his master and his master's two wives, Guan Yu reached an agreement with Cao Cao and surrendered temporarily. After they were back to Xuchang, Cao Cao, admiring his talent, conferred Guan Yu the title of Deputy General and bestowed him a mansion as the residence for him and two ladies. Considering the possible suspicions that may damage the reputations of the ladies, Guan Yu divided the mansion into two yards. Two ladies lived in the inner yard and he himself lived in the outer yard. There was a tower in the yard, where Guan Yu read the book of Spring and Autumn at night and therefore the Tower got its name.

The tower was constructed in 1271 A.D of the Yuan Dynasty and went through many renovations during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It was recorded that in the outer yard, there are the gate, the tower of bell and drum, the Tower of Spring and Autumn, the middle hall, the rear hall. In the inner yard are the Memorial Temple of Guan Yu Family, the Memorial Temple of Queen Zhao Lie, and some auxiliary structures.

The site covers a total area of 20,000 m2. In the outer yard are the gate, the Tower of Spring and Autumn, the Hall of Saint Guan, the Tower of Sword and Seal; in the inner yard are the garden-styled buildings including, the residences for Lady Gan and Lady Mi, the Pavilion of Wen'an, the Hall of Gua Yin Feng Jin (it is a Chinese proverb meaning to refuse to take the position offered and leave without notice, usually by hanging the seal and leaving the money bestowed). There are also the Hall of Dacheng, the Gate of Halberd, and the East-West Corridor in the Wen Miao Yard. The newly constructed Hall of Saint Guan has a width of 7 rooms, a depth of 3 rooms, and a total height of 33.1m. It has 3 layers of eaves. On the roof are decorated yellow glazed tiles. The railing is made of white marbles. In the hall, a 13-meter high Guan Yu statue stands with his son and some followers, which is rarely seen across the country.


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Baling Bridge

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Baling Bridge is situated on the Qingni River, 4 kilometers west of Xuchang City. Legend has it that it is the place where Guan Yu bid farewell to Cao Cao. Hence the bridge became well-known. The bridge is a 3-hole blue stone structure, 3 meters above the water.

In 200 A.D. (Han Dynasty), Cao Cao defeated Liu Bei in Xuzhou. Then he captured Guan Yu and Liu Bei' two wives at Xiapi (a town close to Xuzhou). Cao admired Guan Yu and treated him well back in Xuchang, but Guan Yu didn't forget the old master, Liu Bei. He escorted Liu Bei's wives on a journey to find the master. Cao Cao took it a great pity without Guan Yu's service and went to Baling Bridge to offer a robe as well as wine to bid farewell. Guan Yu doubted his kindnesses, so sitting on the back of his horse, he used his sword to take the robe and left after a long bow. His following long and hard journey has been on everybody's lips ever since. To commemorate Guan Yu's devotion and courage, a temple was built on the west side of the bridge.

The bridge is wide enough for two cars to go abreast and 90m long. On each bank stands a line of aspen and willow trees. At the bridgehead there is an upright stone tablet erected by Zuo Liangyu, a general of the Ming Dynasty, saying “the place where Guan Yu took the robe with his sword”. On another stone tablet read the inscriptions named “Farewell to Cao Cao”, which is perfectly preserved. Four other stone steles, stating the story of how Guan Yu declined Cao Cao's offer and took the robe with his sword and praising him for his loyalty and great popularity among the people, had been erected in the following reigns of Emperor Kang Xi, Yong Zheng, Qian Long of the Qing Dynasty.

The attraction consists of the Baling Bridge, the Temple of Saint Guan and ancient garden-styled architectures. There are three yards in Temple of Saint Guan in which there are the gate, the tower of bell and drum, the main hall, the yard for Taoists, and the statues for Guan Yu, Cao Cao and Liu Bei's two wives. Guan Yu's statue was created vividly showing his vigor and valance when he reined in the horse. Age-old cypress trees and the stele forest are also a good sight.

Shiliang River runs across the scenic spot, over which Baling Bridge looks like a crescent moon. The drooping willows and causeways make up a natural painting. The ancient pathways and old steles stand along with the green cypresses and imposing temples, making the area one important attraction on the Three Kingdoms Strategic Tourism Route on the book of A Trip to China's Places of Historical Interests and Relics.


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