Airplane:
The international airports at Vientiane and Luang Prabang are served by national carrier Lao Airlines and a few others, including Thai Airways and Bangkok Airways. Due to lack of competition prices are comparatively steep, and for Vientiane it's considerably cheaper to fly to Udon Thani in Thailand and connect to Nong Khai and the Friendship Bridge via shuttle service directly from the airport (40 minutes); from here Vientiane is just 17 km away.
Bus:
Foreigners can enter/exit Laos overland from/to Cambodia, China, Thailand and Vietnam. Foreigners cannot enter/exit Laos overland from/to Myanmar.